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Study area
The study area has an approximate size of 70km2 and is situated in the Kuruman River Reserve in the Northern Cape of South Africa approximately 17 km south of the Botswana border. It can be subdivided into three different land-use type zones:
- “Natural” (30km2)
- “Moderately grazed” (20km2)
- “Heavily grazed” (20km2)
The "Natural" zone (green) in the north of the study area, adjacent to the "Moderately Grazed" zone, is characterized by the presence of game animals and the absence of livestock. The "Moderately Grazed" zone (yellow) is located in the middle, between the other two zones, and holds predominantly cattle while the "Heavily Grazed" zone (red), situated in the south, holds both cattle as well as goats. All three zones are enclosed by a fence that retains larger animals like livestock and game animals but allows smaller animals such as foxes, hares, and rodents to pass through. The landscape itself is a sparsely vegetated dune country around the mostly dry Kuruman River.

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Study area
The study area has an approximate size of 70km2 and is situated in the Kuruman River Reserve in the Northern Cape of South Africa approximately 17 km south of the Botswana border. It can be subdivided into three different land-use type zones:
- “Natural” (30km2)
- “Moderately grazed” (20km2)
- “Heavily grazed” (20km2)
The "Natural" zone (green) in the north of the study area, adjacent to the "Moderately Grazed" zone, is characterized by the presence of game animals and the absence of livestock. The "Moderately Grazed" zone (yellow) is located in the middle, between the other two zones, and holds predominantly cattle while the "Heavily Grazed" zone (red), situated in the south, holds both cattle as well as goats. All three zones are enclosed by a fence that retains larger animals like livestock and game animals but allows smaller animals such as foxes, hares, and rodents to pass through. The landscape itself is a sparsely vegetated dune country around the mostly dry Kuruman River.